Diurnal Method for Evapotranspiration Estimation from Soil Moisture Profile

نویسنده

  • Zoltán GRIBOVSZKI
چکیده

Water use of plants can be manifested in diurnal signal of soil moisture changes, and also of water table fluctuations in shallow water table environments. The signal can be especially strong in case of groundwater dependent forest vegetation with high water demand, where the water uptake is partly happening across the capillary zone. A new technique for water uptake estimation was elaborated on the basis of high frequency soil moisture profile data taking into account diurnally changing replenishment rate. The method is of great benefit to provide sufficient accuracy without soil specific calibration. The method was tested on the soil moisture dataset of a riparian alder forest in Hidegvíz Valley experimental catchment. Using this new method significantly higher and more realistic water uptake can be calculated compared to the traditional soil moisture method. The method is taking into account soil moisture replenishment from groundwater, which can provide high portion (up to 90%) of evapotranspiration in dry periods. For the above mentioned reason the new technique is recommended to be used for evapotranspiration estimation in groundwater discharge areas, where the traditional methods and simple one-dimensional hydrological models generally work inaccurate. diurnal signal / water uptake / replenishment rate / discharge areas Kivonat – A talajnedvesség profil napi ingadozásán alapuló párolgásbecslő módszer. A növényi vízfelvétel hatása sekély talajvízű területeken megjelenhet a talajnedvesség és a talajvízszint napi ciklusú ingadozásában is. Ez az ingadozás különösen erős lehet a nagy vízigénnyel jellemezhető, talajvízfüggő erdőtársulások esetében, ahol a vízfelvétel részben a kapilláris zónán keresztül történik. A talajnedvesség nagy frekvenciás mérésén alapuló új vízfelvétel becslésére alkalmas technika került kifejlesztésére, amely napon belül változó talajvízutánpótlás figyelembevételével dolgozik. A módszer nagy előnye, hogy talajspecifikus kalibrálás nélkül is megfelelő pontosságot szolgáltat. Az új eljárás az Alpok keleti lábainál fekvő Hidegvíz-völgy kísérleti vízgyűjtőjében található vízfolyásmenti égeres talajnedvesség profil adatain került tesztelésre. Az új módszerrel lényegen nagyobb és az adott körülményeknek pontosabban megfelelő vízfelvétel számítható, mint a tradicionális talajnedvesség mérésen alapuló módszerekkel. Az új eljárás a talajvízből táplálkozó talajvízutánpótlódással számol, ami igen jelentős részét (akár 90%) is képezheti a száraz periódusokban az evapotranszspirációnak. Az előbbi okból kifejezetten javasolt az eljárás a párolgás becslésére, a sekély talajvíztükörrel rendelkező talajvíz feláramlási zónákban, ahol a szokványos módszerek és az egyszerű egy-dimenziós hidrológiai modellek általában pontatlanul működnek. napi ingadozás / vízfelvétel / utánpótlódás / feláramlási területek * Corresponding author: [email protected]; H-9400 SOPRON, Bajcsy-Zs. u. 4.

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تاریخ انتشار 2014